The alt-right, short for “alternative right,” lacks a unifying manifesto, but supporters hold a variety of white nationalist views. The term is now used to describe a loosely connected group of white nationalist internet trolls and neo-Nazi groups. The alt-right grew through the utilization of online harassment and trolling.

The term originated with Richard B. Spencer’s web magazine “The Alternative Right” and was subsequently shortened and popularized through the web forum 4chan.

The alt-right primarily exists as an online ideology, but self-described members of the alt-right have engaged in many in-person demonstrations and rallies. Groups that have come to be associated with the alt-right include:

• Boogaloo Bois
• Patriot Front
• The Base
• Goyim Defense League (GDL)
• National Socialist Club (NSC-131)
• Aryan Circle
• Oath Keepers
• Proud Boys

Alt-right extremism is characterized by heavy use of social media and online memes. The alt-right is known for engaging in online harassment campaigns, but they have figured prominently in a number of violent protests, including the January 6 Capitol Hill riot. They were also involved in a plot to kidnap Michigan’s governor.

The main targets of the alt-right are groups and individuals who are perceived as threats to a straight, white, Christian and/or patriotic American identity.